The way we lie Essay Example for Free

The manner in which we lie Essay Individuals lie everyday,whether it is a straightforward white lire or an increasingly intricate untruth. In article the manner in which we lie composed by Stephanie Ericsson she clarifies the various types of lying, and how life is more enthusiastically when we dont lie to power figures, individuals we love.In the short story shooting an elephant the storyteller is blameworthy of misleading the Native individuals in the town he is in. The storyteller sets up a veneer that he resembles some other white man and can murder anything. An exterior is a deception, we put on to depict what we think the world anticipates from us. The storyteller in Shooting an Elephant persistently tells us that he wouldn't like to murder the elephant however he feels that he should on the grounds that that is the thing that everybody is anticipating from himI had no expectation of shooting the elephant-I had simply sent for the rifle to shield myself if vital He likewise proceeds to state how he feels like a numb-skull going down the slope to execute the elephant, he ceaselessly tells us that he isnt what everybody thinks he is somewhat he is similarly as anxious as every other person seems to be. Toward the start of the short story we are informed that the storyteller is an european cop in the town of Moulmein. At the point when an individual wears a police uniform one accept numerous things.The first being that that individual can shield us from hurt and protect the individuals who are powerless. The storyteller attempts to safeguard every one of these generalizations in the short story. A generalization is utilized to sort a particular gatherings of people,although the storyteller realizes that he isnt a heartless elephant executing machine he needs individuals to accept that they are protected around him. For them to think hes a decent cop he should murder the elephant paying little heed to what his underlying purpose was. as a result of the group assembling around him he doesnt need them to feel that hes like some other white cop, so he murders the elephant realizing that he didnt need to carry any damage to the elephant.

Voltage Definition in Physics

Voltage Definition in Physics Voltage is a portrayal of the electric potential vitality per unit charge. In the event that a unit of electrical charge were put in an area, the voltage shows the potential vitality of it by then. As it were, it is an estimation of the vitality contained inside an electric field, or an electric circuit, at a given point. It is equivalent to the work that would need to be done per unit charge against the electric field to move the charge starting with one point then onto the next. Voltage is a scalar amount; it doesn't have bearing. Ohms Law says voltage rises to current occasions obstruction. Units of Voltage The SI unit of voltage is the volt, with the end goal that 1 volt 1 joule/coulomb. It is spoken to by V. The volt is named after Italian physicist Alessandro Volta who created a synthetic battery. This implies one coulomb of charge will increase one joule of potential vitality when it is moved between two areas where the electric potential distinction is one volt. For a voltage of 12 between two areas, one coulomb of charge will increase 12 joules of potential vitality. A six-volt battery has a potential for one coulomb of charge to increase six joules of potential vitality between two areas. A nine-volt battery has a potential for one coulomb of charge to increase nine joules of potential vitality. How Voltage Works A progressively solid case of voltage from genuine is a water tank with a hose stretching out from the base. Water in the tank speaks to put away charge. It takes work to fill the tank with water. This makes a store of water, as isolating charge does in a battery. The more water in the tank, the more weight there is and the water can exit through the hose with more vitality. On the off chance that there were less water in the tank, it would exit with less vitality. This weight potential is equal to voltage. The more water in the tank, the more weight. The more charge put away in a battery, the more voltage. At the point when you open the hose, the ebb and flow of water at that point streams. The weight in the tank decides how quick it streams out of the hose. Electrical flow is estimated in Amperes or Amps. The more volts you have, the more amps for the momentum, same as the more water pressure you have, the quicker the water will stream out of the tank. In any case, the current is additionally influenced by obstruction. On account of the hose, it is the manner by which wide the hose is. A wide hose permits more water to take a break, while a tight hose opposes the water stream. With an electrical flow, there can likewise be obstruction, estimated in ohms. Ohms Law says voltage rises to current occasions obstruction. V I * R. On the off chance that you have a 12-volt battery yet your opposition is two ohms, your present will be six amps. On the off chance that the opposition were one ohm, your current would be 12 amps.

How to Confront Workplace Bullying

How to Confront Workplace Bullying Stress Management Job Stress Workplace Bullying Print How to Confront Workplace Bullying By Sherri Gordon facebook twitter Sherri Gordon is a published author and a bullying prevention expert. Learn about our editorial policy Sherri Gordon Updated on September 19, 2019 Jon Feingersh/Blend Images More in Stress Management Job Stress Workplace Bullying Effects on Health Management Techniques Situational Stress Household Stress Relationship Stress When it comes to workplace bullying, there are no quick fixes. But there are some things you can do to confront the behavior. The top three things you can do include taking care of yourself, addressing the bullying and seeking outside support. Here are some ideas on how this can be accomplished. 1. Take Care of Yourself Learn to recognize bullying. When you realize that you are being bullied, you will be less likely to blame yourself or take responsibility for something that isn’t your fault. Remember, bullying is a choice the bully makes, not something defective in you. Realize that you can change your response. Although it is impossible to change someone who doesn’t want to change, you can change how you respond. Take some time to think about how you want to handle the situation. Do you want to search for a new job? Do you want to report the incident? Do you want to request a transfer? Only you can decide how you want to address the situation. Learn how to set boundaries. Be upfront and direct with the bully about how you plan to address his behavior. Learn to be firm, confident, and assertive. For instance, you could tell the bully if he continues to threaten you with job loss and to sabotage your work, that you will report his behavior to human resources. 2. Address the Issue Keep a journal. Be specific about what you write down. Include the date, the time, the location, the incident that occurred or words that were said and any witnesses to the event. It also may be helpful to include how it made you feel or how it affected you. You also should record details about the complaints that you filed and the responses you have received. Be sure to document any improper behavior. This information will help managers or outside organizations take action. Create a paper trail. If you notice your work is being sabotaged, be sure you create a paper trail outlining what you are working on and what you have accomplished. If a bully is trying to force you out or squashes your chances for promotion, the best way to fight back is to make sure others are kept abreast of your projects. Use e-mails, activity reports and other tools to share with your co-workers and supervisors what you are doing. Be humble in emphasizing your accomplishments, but be sure people are aware of the work you are doing. Report incidents. Being silent about bullying gives the bully more power and control over you. When you feel ready, you need to report the bullying to a manager, supervisor, or another person in a position of authority. Remain calm and keep your emotions in check when sharing details about the bullying. Overly distraught complaints are distracting and may make the message confusing. Also, be consistent with details. It may be helpful to write out what you want to say ahead of time. Keep your report relevant. In other words, share only specific details about the bully’s behavior. Don’t make assumptions or exaggerate details. And don’t criticize the bully as a person or call him names in the meeting. It’s the inappropriate behavior that needs to be addressed. Keep the focus there. 3. Seek Outside Assistance Find help for your situation. Report the bullying to the bully’s manager or supervisor. Bullying is a big issue that cannot be handled alone. If the bully is the owner or the manager, consider filing a complaint. Depending on how you are being bullied, you may find protection with the Equal Opportunity Employment Commission, the Department of Labor, the American’s with Disabilities Act, the local police or even a local attorney. Surround yourself with empowering people. Find people who can understand what you are experiencing and who will provide support. It helps to talk about what you are experiencing, so don’t keep it inside. Seek professional help or counseling. Being targeted by a bully can have serious consequences. It can affect your mood, your self-esteem, and even your physical health. Be sure to find some outside assistance, especially if you notice you are feeling depressed. Remember that you are not alone. Workplace bullying is a widespread issue. Don’t let what you are experiencing define you. Instead, find a support group in your area or start one of your own. Never Let Your Boss Bully You Into Doing 5 Things

Is It Irrational For Companies - 2523 Words

Is it Irrational for Companies to be Marketing to Children? Companies have been marketing to children for an abundant amount of years. Nevertheless, is it ethical for companies to be targeting children in order to sell their products? As a result, companies have been doing well economically from marketing to children, however, on the opposite side, marketing is affecting children emotionally and it has had a negative influence on their well-being/health. First off, marketing to children has become a favored way for companies to succeed in earning money. Since marketing to children has become an efficient way for companies to get children to buy their products, the income of the amount of money companies make from children has dramatically increased throughout the years. To illustrate, in ‘’Study Shows Fast Food Companies Aggressively Market to Kids, Minorities’’ to explain the amount of money marketers spend on marketing to children, Wartman states ‘ ’Indeed, the $4.2 billion dollars spent in 2009 on advertising by the fast food industry is working†¦ 40 percent of parents report that their children ask to go to McDonald’s at least once a week and 15 percent of preschoolers ask to go every day’’ (Wartman). In this quotation, it is clear that companies are wealthy, they spend an excessive amount of money only to provide advertisements. This technique of advertising works well since it is proven that children want to go to McDonald’s every day, that is because McDonald’sShow MoreRelatedThe Old Constant : Human Psychology963 Words   |  4 Pagesoverreactions and irrational decisions. Second, investors tend to trade more often in a rising market although they may not have a quantitative basis for their decisions. When the entire market is rising it is likely that a wide range of investors report gains. Individuals then tend to attribute their success to their own qualities rather than macroeconomic factors that may have caused their success. This practice characterizes overconfidence and amplifies the tendency to make irrational decisions inRead MoreThe Influence Of Visual Advertising On Consumer Behavior Essay1181 Words   |  5 Pagesbehavior (Barnham 1). As a leading cause to product success rate, a large population of consumers buys a product because of their respective interpretation of respective companies’ advertisements. Visual ads are an important asset to the marketing industry. Paying attention to the rational and emotional needs of the consumer, companies recognize the benefits of productive advertising, in addition to understanding consumer conscience. With the progress of modern technology, producers’ visual ads haveRead MoreThe Anxiety Of Depression And Anxiety1413 Words   |  6 PagesThe client and therapist relationship will be largely based in collaborative empiricism. The client and I will be working together to identify his irrational beliefs that sustain his depression and anxiety, and identify the source of the disturbance in thoughts. According to REBT, Williams disturbances of sleep and headache is due to the irrational pessimistic beliefs about his future, and the worry that things will never get better. Will is keeping their emotional disturbances active by continuingRead MoreRacial Discrimination Against African Americans857 Words   |  4 Pagesunethical, it is because she is an African-American, which considered as having bad influences for the company. As a result of the racial discrimination, Nakia Sanford brought FedEx to the court, although the process is still ongoing until now. 2 2. Coca Cola’s unequal treatment against its African-American employees Business and Human Rights Resource Centre (2014) noted that in 1999, the Coca Cola Company have been racially discriminated most of their African-American employees in the workplace, whichRead MoreThe Rational Irrationality Complex1147 Words   |  5 Pagesthey act irrationally. Their irrational decisions and results can be, in part, hindered and corrected by government intervention. That markets fail mostly due to irrationality rather than to greed can be seen from the scenario of the retail bookstores, particularly Borders, vs. that of e-book publishing. It appears that e-book publishing may have a future (PWC, nd), but many book stores are slow to acknowledge and appreciate that fact. Borders was one of those companies who failed to foresee theRead MoreDecision Making And The Prospect Theory1490 Words   |  6 Pagesdecisions when faced with perceived risk and uncertainty. Utility can be explained by how much an individual values an extra unit of wealth. Contrary to the normative approach, Prospect Theory aims to model real life choices of individuals which can be irrational, rather than the optimal choices that Expected Utility Theory suggests people should make thus, Prospect Theory is a more accurate description of decision making. Firstly, Von Neumann and Morgenstern (1953) claimed that individuals make decisionsRead MoreRelationship Between Consumer Sentiment And Adr Price Essay1418 Words   |  6 Pagesa function of expected changes in exchange rate expectations and differences in investor sentiment.31 The sample comprises 30 Chinese companies having 30Their main sample includes 74 ADRs from nine countries for the period 1996-2003. These are 11 Australian, 32 British, 2 Danish, 3 Finish, 6 French, 4 German, 3 Italian, 10 Dutch, 4 Spanish, and 3 Swedish companies. Differing from Rabinovitch et al. (2003), they look into two costly arbitrage factors- transaction costs and holding costs.30 It is foundRead MoreThe Impact Of U.s. Economy On The Housing Crisis1188 Words   |  5 Pagesdesire to avoid a similar crisis in the future (Weinberg). There have been four factors that have been identified to leading the housing bubble: relaxed standards for mortgage loan, low mortgage interest rates, low short-term interest rates, and irrational exuberance. Standards for mortgage loans were relaxed because new government policies were aimed at promoting an increase in home ownership for lower-income households and greater competition in the mortgage loan market. The relaxing of mortgageRead MoreComment on the Three Conditions on Market Efficiency1004 Words   |  5 Pagesand lead investors to overestimate their ability and knowledge and understate the risks. In reality, there are some other behavioral biases. Investors usually prefer to put their money into a company that they know or familiar with. This is known as familiarity bias. They will invest heavily in the company they work for. They will also allocate a larger fraction of their investments to domestic stock even though it is easier to diversify investments across geographies. In addition, people tend toRead MoreEfficient Market Hypothesis Theory949 Words   |  4 Pagesconflicting view on the theory was presented by Shleifer (2000) in which he identified three main arguments for the EMH: 1. Investors are rational and hence value securities rationally. 2. Some investors are irrational but their trades are random and cancel each other out. 3. Some investors are irrational but rational arbitrageurs eliminate their influence on prices. If all these exist, then both efficient markets and stock prices would be very unpredictable and thus would follow a random walk. Dupernex

Informative Speech NFL Concussions Essay - 792 Words

Informative Speech Outline INTRODUCTION 1. Creative Attention Getter a. My creative attention getter will be playing a video with some hard helmet-to-helmet hits in the NFL 2. Thesis Statement a. Football is a hard-hitting sport and can cause concussions, head injuries, and even permanent brain damage. 3. Preview of the main points a. Concussions can be defined as â€Å"by immediate and transient alteration in brain function, including alteration of mental status and level of consciousness, resulting from mechanical force or trauma.† b. Concussions have been a major problem in many physical sports and policies have been put into place to try and protect athletes. c. NFL players that are taken out of the game can lose the opportunity†¦show more content†¦Players cannot return to the game or cannot return to practice until they have been cleared from the team doctor as well as a neurologist iv. In 2009 the NFL tightened the rules 1. Helmet to helmet contact is an immediate 15 yard penalty in the NFL 2. Players can be fined for an official labeling a hit helmet-to-helmet v. Returning to athletic activity too soon after a concussion can raise the risk of permanent damage if the athlete is hit in the head again 7. #3 Main Point a. Even though there are policies in place to protect the athletes, these polices can keep players out of a game that they may have been able to play in without any consequences i. Most NFL players have played football for many years and because they have grown up taking numerous head hits they can be considered less likely to have long term effects from a concussion than the general public ii. Many NFL players get paid for gaining titles such as: the most yards ran in a game, most touchdowns in a year, etc. The players can lose money and these titles if they are kept out of a game due to fear of a possible concussion iii. The person who watches the players and rules a player out for a possible concussion sits high up in the stadium and does not have the best view of the play in question iv. Even with this policy there has not been any decrease in the amount of concussions in the NFL. Front line reports that inShow MoreRelatedOutline And Outline Of Nfl Concussions803 Words   |  4 PagesMatt Eichelberger Date: 10/18/15 INFORMATIVE SPEECH OUTLINE Topic: concussions General Purpose: understand NFL concussions Specific Purpose: concussions are a serious problem in the NFL Central Idea: concussions can be bad if not treated correctly Speech Title: NFL protocol I. Introduction (introduces topic) a. Attention Getter- How many of you have had a concussion? b. Thesis- I want you to better understand concussions, why they’re a problem in the NFL and what measures are being taken

Social Learning Knowledge Acquisition in a Social Context Free Essays

Social learning theory posits that knowledge acquisition is a cognitive process that takes place in a social context and can occur purely through observation or direct instruction, even in the absence of motor reproduction or direct reinforcement. In addition to the observation of behaviour, learning also occurs through the observation of rewards and punishments, a process known as of vicarious reinforcement. Role Model Theory Social learning theory states that people learn from the people that they look up to; this has a huge effect on children of young age and because of their age and knowledge they don’t fully know what’s wrong and what’s right, so that’s why most children look up to celebs on T. We will write a custom essay sample on Social Learning: Knowledge Acquisition in a Social Context or any similar topic only for you Order Now V and they want to achieve what they have achieved, sometimes a child’s biggest role models are their parents and they will imitate their behaviour for example if the father of a child is abusive and rough with them than the child might grow up thinking that was normal and imitate the behaviours when they are older. Social learning theory was first introduced in 1977 by Albert Bandura and he stated that behaviour is learned from the environment around us and through the process of observational learning, for example a child’s environment and upraising is very important in influencing the child’s behaviour in later life, if the child’s environment is a rough area and are brought up by rough parents then the child is more likely to copy the actions and the behaviour of the parents when they grow up. This is clearly illustrated in the Bobo Doll experiment in 1961 by Bandura. Bobo Doll Experiment In 1961 Albert Bandura selected 36 boys and 36 girls from ages between 3 to 6 years old, bandura also chose 2 adults a male and a female; he wanted the adults act aggressively towards the Bobo doll while 24 of the children watched, he wanted the adults act as role models for the children so he can analyse what effects that has on the children, the adults were told to throw the doll about and attack it with various weapons like toy guns, hammers and sticks. While 24 of the group of children watched the 2 adults hitting the doll, the other group of 24 children were watching a non-aggressive adults and the final 24 child were used as a control group and not exposed to any model at all. After the children experienced the adult’s (whether they were  aggressive, non-aggressive or no adult) they were taken in the room with toys and they were also told not to play or touch the toys, as the children got angry and frustrated over the rule of not playing with the toys they were taken to another room where there was a Bobo doll and aggressive and non-aggressive toys that they were allowed to play with, the experimenters recorded the children behaviour. Bandura found out that the children who were exposed to the aggressive model were more likely to act in aggressive ways than those who were not exposed to the aggressive model, those children who were exposed to the aggressive model started hitting the doll with a toy gun and a hammer and also started to punch, kick and throwing it while shouting at the doll. But the children that were exposed to non-aggressive models did not react aggressively towards the Bobo doll instead they just played with the toys and the Bobo doll. Self-full filling prophecy Self-fulfilling prophecy a positive or negative expectation about people that may affect a person’s behaviour towards another in a manner that causes those expectations to be made true. e. g. â€Å"treat others how you would like to be treated â€Å"This happens because our beliefs influence our actions. A child might have low self-esteem so he/she will not try out for any sports teams because their belief is that they are not confident and good enough so he/she will make that belief and prediction happen because they have no self-esteem and confidence. Anti-discrimination behaviour Anti-discrimination behaviour is action taken to prevent discrimination against people on the grounds of race, class, gender, disability etc. Anti-discriminatory practice promotes equality by introducing anti-discrimination policies in the workplace, this is a good way to preventing discrimination in the workplace because it makes the employees aware of the rules and the horrible effects that discrimination could have on people including self harm and suicide. Another really good way of preventing discrimination on a wide scale is to get popular celebrities to promote a campaigned against discrimination on T. V so it can be seen by millions. Because the campaign is promoted by a popular celebrity it will have lots of followers and supporters, this is because the celebrity acts as a role model and will influence their fans to prevent discrimination from happening. As well as celebrities preventing discrimination and promoting anti- discrimination, other people who aren’t celebrities can also promote anti-discrimination but it will take longer than celebrities because not everyone is well known and have that many supporters or fans to follow them, this can be done by a person encouraging family and friends together and telling them to let others know about anti-discrimination and after a while more and more people will be promoting the campaign. With lots of supporters. An example of a celebrity promoting anti-discrimination is David Beckham and he promotes the â€Å"SAY NO TO RACISIM† campaign through videos, conventions and also by telling supporters to spread the word, because is well known and liked around the world he has a huge number of followers on twitter which he also uses to promote his campaign. Groups and effects of others (Asch experiment) Solomon Asch conducted a series of experiments in which he studied the willingness of an individual to fit in a group while answering a question, even when those answers were obviously wrong. In the experiment, subjects who were unaware of the actual experiment were told that they were participating in a vision test. In reality though, each subject was placed in a group of people for the experiments. The people in the group were fully aware of the true purpose of the study. The aim of the experiment was to investigate the extent to which social pressure from a majority group could affect a person to conform. They seated the group in a classroom and they were asked a variety of questions about an image on which was placed in front of them which contained straight line labelled A, B and C and they were asked how long line A was, which line was longer than the other, which lines were the same length, etc. The group was told to answer each question out loud in front of the rest of the group, with the accomplices of the experiment always answering before the subjects and always giving the same answers as the others. They answered a few of the questions correctly, but then started answering incorrectly on purpose. The results of this experiment were that nearly 75 percent of the participants in the conformity experiments went along with the rest of the group at least one time even though the answer was obviously wrong. The results showed that people feel pressured go along with the majority of people because they feel pressured to fit in with the group and not stand alone against them. Health and Social Care An example of a positive role model for children to look up to and be inspired by is a doctor because they are respected by society and also they help people in need as they save the life’s of hundreds, this makes children look up to them because they see them as hard working, intelligent and respected professionals who make sick people better. Another reason a doctor is a good role model is that their professional achievement is an indication that they have finished education and worked hard to get to where they are, so that influences children to do work hard to and do well in school to get to where they want to be. They are also positive role model because they promote a healthy living and the majority of them promote anti-discrimination and these influence kids to be health and not to judge people because of their skin or background. How to cite Social Learning: Knowledge Acquisition in a Social Context, Papers

the donner party party of 50 Essay Example For Students

the donner party: party of 50 Essay The greatness of Lady Chatterleys Lover lies in a paradox: it is simultaneously progressive and reactionary, modern and Victorian. It looks backwards towards a Victorian stylistic formality, and it seems to anticipate the social morality of the late 20th century in its frank engagement with explicit subject matter and profanity. One might say of the novel that it is formally and thematically conservative, but methodologically radical. The easiest of these assertions to prove is that Lady Chatterleys Lover is formally conservative. By this I mean that there are few evident differences between the form of Lady Chatterleys Lover and the form of the high-Victorian novels written fifty years earlier: in terms of structure; in terms of narrative voice; in terms of diction, with the exception of a very few profane words. It is important to remember that Lady Chatterleys Lover was written towards the end of the 1920s, a decade which had seen extensive literary experimentation. The 1920s opened with the publishing of the formally radical novel Ulysses, which set the stage for important technical innovations in literary art: it made extensive use of the stream-of-consciousness form; it condensed all of its action into a single 24-hour span; it employed any number of voices and narrative perspectives. Lady Chatterleys Lover acts in many ways as if the 1920s, and indeed the entire modernist literary movement, had never happen ed. The structure of the novel is conventional, tracing a small group of characters over an extended period of time in a single place. The rather preachy narrator usually speaks with the familiar third-person omniscience of the Victorian novel. And the characters tend towards flatness, towards representing a type, rather than speaking in their own voices and developing real three-dimensional personalities. We will write a custom essay on the donner party: party of 50 specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now But surely, if Lady Chatterleys Lover is formally conservative, it can hardly be called thematically conservative! After all, this is a novel that raised censorious hackles across the English-speaking world. It is a novel that liberally employs profanity, that more-or-less graphicallygraphically, that is, for the 1920s: it is important not to evaluate the novel by the standards of profanity and graphic sexuality that have become prevalent at the turn of the 21st centurydescribes sex and orgasm, and whose central message is the idea that sexual freedom and sensuality are far more important, more authentic and meaningful, than the intellectual life. So what can I mean by calling Lady Chatterleys Lover, a famously controversial novel, thematically conservative?Well, it is important to remember not only precisely what this novel seems to advocate, but also the purpose of that advocacy. Lady Chatterleys Lover is not propaganda for sexual license and free love. As D.H. Lawrence himself mad e clear in his essay A Propos of Lady Chatterleys Lover, he was no advocate of sex or profanity for their own sake. The reader should note that the ultimate goal of the novels protagonists, Mellors and Connie, is a quite conventional marriage, and a sex life in which it is clear that Mellors is the aggressor and the dominant partner, in which Connie plays the receptive part; all who would argue that Lady Chatterleys Lover is a radical novel would do well to remember the vilification that the novel heaps upon Mellors first wife, a sexually aggressive woman. Rather than mere sexual radicalism, this novels chief concernalthough it is also concerned, to a far greater extent than most modernist fiction, with the pitfalls of technology and the barriers of classis with what Lawrence understands to be the inability of the modern self to unite the mind and the body. D.H. Lawrence believed that without a realization of sex and the body, the mind wanders aimlessly in the wasteland of modern in dustrial technology. An important recognition in Lady Chatterleys Lover is the extent to which the modern relationship between men and women comes to resemble the relationship between men and machines. .ub566552c7e152c0f2ecedfacfcd89221 , .ub566552c7e152c0f2ecedfacfcd89221 .postImageUrl , .ub566552c7e152c0f2ecedfacfcd89221 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub566552c7e152c0f2ecedfacfcd89221 , .ub566552c7e152c0f2ecedfacfcd89221:hover , .ub566552c7e152c0f2ecedfacfcd89221:visited , .ub566552c7e152c0f2ecedfacfcd89221:active { border:0!important; } .ub566552c7e152c0f2ecedfacfcd89221 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub566552c7e152c0f2ecedfacfcd89221 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub566552c7e152c0f2ecedfacfcd89221:active , .ub566552c7e152c0f2ecedfacfcd89221:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub566552c7e152c0f2ecedfacfcd89221 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub566552c7e152c0f2ecedfacfcd89221 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub566552c7e152c0f2ecedfacfcd89221 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub566552c7e152c0f2ecedfacfcd89221 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub566552c7e152c0f2ecedfacfcd89221:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub566552c7e152c0f2ecedfacfcd89221 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub566552c7e152c0f2ecedfacfcd89221 .ub566552c7e152c0f2ecedfacfcd89221-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub566552c7e152c0f2ecedfacfcd89221:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Drug And Alcohol Use By Student Athletes EssayNot only do men and women require an appreciation of the sexual and sensual in order to relate to each other properly; they require it even to live happily in the world, as beings able to maintain human dignity and individuality in the dehumanizing atmosphere created by modern greed and the injustices of

Free Essays on New Deal

NEW DEAL In October 1929, Franklin D. Roosevelt was governor of New York when the Wall Street Crash created the worst depression in American history. He made desperate attempts to help those who were unemployed. Roosevelt also set up the New York State Emergency Relief Commission and appointed the respected Harry Hopkins to run the agency. Frances Perkins, who was a well-known person with a good record for helping the disadvantaged, was recruited to the team as state industrial commissioner. With the help of Hopkins and Perkins, Roosevelt introduced help for the unemployed and those too old to work. Roosevelt was seen as a role model with great success as governor of New York. Therefore, when the Election of 1932 came about, he was the obvious choice as the Democratic presidential candidate. Although Roosevelt was not specific about what he would do about the economic depression, he easily defeated his opponent, Herbert Hoover. Roosevelt's first act as president was to deal with the country's banking crisis. Since the beginning of the depression, one-fifth of all banks were forced to close. As a result, around fifteen percent of people's life-savings had been lost. By the beginning of 1933 the American people were beginning to lose faith in their banking systems and a large portion were withdrawing their money and keeping it at home. The day after taking office as president, Roosevelt ordered all banks to close. He then asked Congress to pass legislation. This would guarantee that savers would not lose their money if there were another financial crisis. On 9th March 1933, Franklin D. Roosevelt called a special session of Congress. He told the members that unemployment could only be solved, "by direct recruiting by the Government itself." For the following three months, Roosevelt proposed a series of important bills that attempted to deal with the problem of unemployment. Congress passed these bills. The special session of Co... Free Essays on New Deal Free Essays on New Deal NEW DEAL In October 1929, Franklin D. Roosevelt was governor of New York when the Wall Street Crash created the worst depression in American history. He made desperate attempts to help those who were unemployed. Roosevelt also set up the New York State Emergency Relief Commission and appointed the respected Harry Hopkins to run the agency. Frances Perkins, who was a well-known person with a good record for helping the disadvantaged, was recruited to the team as state industrial commissioner. With the help of Hopkins and Perkins, Roosevelt introduced help for the unemployed and those too old to work. Roosevelt was seen as a role model with great success as governor of New York. Therefore, when the Election of 1932 came about, he was the obvious choice as the Democratic presidential candidate. Although Roosevelt was not specific about what he would do about the economic depression, he easily defeated his opponent, Herbert Hoover. Roosevelt's first act as president was to deal with the country's banking crisis. Since the beginning of the depression, one-fifth of all banks were forced to close. As a result, around fifteen percent of people's life-savings had been lost. By the beginning of 1933 the American people were beginning to lose faith in their banking systems and a large portion were withdrawing their money and keeping it at home. The day after taking office as president, Roosevelt ordered all banks to close. He then asked Congress to pass legislation. This would guarantee that savers would not lose their money if there were another financial crisis. On 9th March 1933, Franklin D. Roosevelt called a special session of Congress. He told the members that unemployment could only be solved, "by direct recruiting by the Government itself." For the following three months, Roosevelt proposed a series of important bills that attempted to deal with the problem of unemployment. Congress passed these bills. The special session of Co... Free Essays on New Deal Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal was successful. The New Deal was used to refer to U.S. president Franklin D. Roosevelt's program to solve the economic problems created by the Great Depression of the 1930s. However, the New Deal didn’t end the depression, but it did relieve much economic hardships and gave Americans faith in the democratic system at a time when other nations hit by the depression turned to the dictators. The New Deal programs were admired by some people and rejected by other people. The reason to why it was successful was because of the many relief policies. These policies focused on three general goals: relief for the needy, economic recovery, and financial reform. The New Deal programs had many distinct policies that helped people gain confidence in economy and in the government. Roosevelt’s first goal was to provide relief for the needy. One of the largest programs begun under the New Deal was Works Progress Administration (WPA). The WPA provided work for needy people on the public works projects. Additional New Deal policy that helped achieve this goal was the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC). The CCC was founded in 1933 to provide jobs for single males on conservation projects. New Deal also assisted the farmers by creating the Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA). This act aided farmers and regulated crop production. The AAA raised crop prices by paying farmers to leave a certain amount of their land uncultivated, hence lowering production. Another program to provide direct relief for the needy was the Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA). The FERA cooperated with the states in relieving hardships caused by unemployment. Besides providing help for the needy, Roosevelt also wanted to establish programs that would guide in recovering the economy. After Hoover was elected as the president of United States and was rejected by the country, Franklin D. Roosevelt knew that somehow he had to gain back ... Free Essays on New Deal The most active First Hundred Days was under president Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s first term. In a desperate attempt to solving the woes of the American population, FDR and his Congress passed more bills than any other president-congressional combination as ever done in their first impression time period. FDR’s domestic policy, known more widely as the New Deal, was intended to be a group of innovative measures to counteract the effects of the Great Depression. Roosevelt and the U.S. Congress, trying to reduce unemployment, restore prosperity and return a sense of morale to American citizens, endorsed a wide variety of bills creating new federal programs and agencies. These agencies were known as alphabet agencies due to their titles that included many different letters (i.e., WPA, FERA, TVA). Although the New Deal was initiated to return prosperity to the American economy, in the long run, the New Deal was probably the worst policy ever started. Though providing quick relief to some areas of depression, the New Deal was overall a very socialist, perhaps even communist plan. Controlling prices, giving out jobs, commanding water flow, were just some of the many practices engaged in by the government tat went against capitalistic American point of views. Some agencies did do good, however. The New Deal’s dealing with the banks was performed very well. It returned trust in leaving money in the banks with the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC). This act insured investor’s deposits in banks tat were members of the FDIC. Also, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) which set guidelines for the stock market to prevent speculation like that that led to the Great Depression. Despite those agencies mentioned above, the other creations of the New Deal led to nothing but trouble in the long run. Agencies such as the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), Works Progress Administration (WPA), and Public Works Act (PWA) creat...

How Many AP Classes Do You Need for Ivy League Schools

How Many AP Classes Do You Need for Ivy League Schools SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips At many high schools, AP courses are the toughest classes you can take. Extremely competitive colleges are looking for students who are willing to challenge themselves, so they're more likely to admit students who have taken at least a few APs. In this article, I'll go over how many AP classes Ivy League schools expect you to take and how these expectations can change based on the conditions at your high school. How Many AP Courses Do Ivy League Schools Expect Students to Take? There’s no concrete answer to this question because itdepends on how many APs your school offers and how many of them your classmates are taking.Ivy League schools want to admit the best students in the country while also maintaining diversity in their student bodies. They will only consider students who are performing at the top of their high school classes, but they also make an effort to admit applicants from a wide range of different environments and types of schools. You might only take two AP classes your senior year because those are the only ones available to you.In this case, you will compare favorably to other students at your high school since you’re making the most of your opportunities (and no one else will be taking more APs than you). A student at another high school who elects to take three AP classes senior year might not look as goodifother students at the same school are taking five. When admissions officers look at applicants from a certain secondary school, they may use the fact that one student took fewer AP classes than others in the group as an excuse to demote that student to the waitlist.This isn't always the case, though. If you take three AP classes in core subject areas, and someone else takes five but two of them were irrelevant to that student's interests, schools probably won't make much of a distinction between you.Top colleges are looking for students who have taken advantage of their opportunities, which means taking the most difficult courses available that fit with their interests. If you’re looking for a specific number of APs that you should take, it will depend on your school’s offerings, but a safe number for admission at Ivy League schools is usually between 7 and 12 AP classes throughout high school. It's best tospread out these classes over four years with the majority of them clustered in your junior and senior years.Freshman year you might take one or two AP classes if they’re available.Sophomore year you can ramp it up to two or three.Junior year, if you’re hoping to attend an Ivy League school, you should consider taking three to five AP classes in core subject areas. Avoid overloading yourself too much during your senior year because you’ll be applying to college. Still, many students who apply to Ivy League schools take five or six AP courses senior year. It's up to you todecide how much you can handle without feeling overwhelmed or dropping the ball in any of your classes. Why? Why did I do this to myself? The binders. So many binders. (Don't let this be you.) Here are some quotes from Ivy League admissions websites to give you a better sense of what these schools are looking for: Princeton Says... â€Å"We consider it a promising sign when students challenge themselves with advanced courses in high school. We understand that not all secondary schools offer the same range of advanced courses, but our strongest candidates have taken full advantage of the academic opportunities available to them in their high schools.† â€Å"Whenever you can, challenge yourself with the most rigorous courses possible, such as honors, Advanced Placement (AP) and dual-enrollment courses.† Columbia Says... â€Å"We look at a variety of factors to help us inform our decision on a candidate including: The student’s curriculum and grades - we hope to see that a student is challenging herself or himself with a rigorous course load. The context of a particular candidate, including family circumstances, secondary school, community, interests and access to resources.† Brown Says... â€Å"To assess preparedness, we review the depth and breadth of the academic learning you have undertaken thus far. We want to know whether you have taken advantage of the courses available to you in your school, and whether you have challenged yourself in advanced classes, and whether you have stretched yourself with outside-of-school educational opportunities.† â€Å"We know that curricular offerings vary from school to school. Our strongest candidates have taken full advantage of what is available to them in their own schools.† The gist of these statements is that you need to challenge yourself as much as possible in the context of the opportunities your high school provides for you. With that in mind, don't just take any and all AP courses that your school offers.Think critically about which courses are most relevant to your interests and goals. Also, make sure you’re not sabotaging your GPA by taking more classes than you can handle. I’ll gointo more detail on this in the next section. Brown University: Once you get in, you can take whatever classes you want! Are Some AP Courses Better Than Others in the Eyes of Ivy League Schools? Don't take an additional AP class on top of your regular course load if the subject doesn't interest you. Iwould advise you to take AP courses primarily in core subject areas to avoid stretching yourself too thin. Taking AP classes just for the sake of adding another AP to your course record may be damaging to your GPA as a whole. It also won't add much to your college application.Ivy League schools want you to take the most challenging classes in math, science, social studies, English, and foreign language.If you take all APs in those subject areas but skip AP Music Theory, admissions committees won’t fault you for it. Some people mistakenly believe that you should take as many AP classes as possible at all costs. You should take full advantage of your opportunities in areas thatinterest you, but you shouldn’t devote time and energy to classes that are unrelated to your goals and academic interests.Colleges want to see students who prioritize worthwhile learning experiences over hollow achievements. They're also looking for students with very high GPAs. Stay balanced: You don’t want to overload your schedule with too many hard classes and end up with lower grades overall. The eyes of the Eye-vy League are watching youuuuu. What If Your High School Doesn’t Have AP Courses? Some students worry about their chances at top colleges because their school doesn’t offer AP classes.In this situation, just take the hardest classes that are available to you.You shouldn't be concerned about the lack of APs. Colleges will understand that you didn’t have the opportunity to take them, and they can’t fault you for that. Your school may offer IB courses instead, which colleges view as being essentially equal to AP courses.As I’ve said before, Ivy League schools will compare you to other students from your high school to see how you measure up.If you’re pushing yourself as much as you can within the academic constraints of your environment, you'll still have a good chance of being accepted. A student who doesn’t have access to APs but takes high level classes throughout high school and is ranked in the top five percent of his or her class will have a better chance of attending an Ivy League school than a student who takes a few AP classes here and there and has a less impressive class ranking. If your school doesn't have APs, it's ok. Shhhh. Listen to this rock. Conclusion Ivy League schools and other competitive colleges are looking for students at the top of their high school classes who have taken the most rigorous courses.These often include AP classes. Most students who attend extremely selective schools have taken anywhere from 7 to 12 AP courses in high school, although there are exceptions to this rule.If a high school offers only a limited number of AP courses or none at all, colleges will not fault students for taking fewer of these classes.Above all, they want to see students who have challenged themselves as much as possible within the constraints of their high school curriculum. The bottom line is, if you want to attend one of the most competitive schools in the country, you should strive to take as many difficult courses as possible without overwhelming yourself and sabotaging your GPA.For some students this means taking all three of the AP classes their school offers, and for others it means choosing to take twelve AP classes out of the twenty their school offers.As long as you do the best you can to challenge yourself academically, there’s no absolute number of AP classes you need to take to be admitted to a top college. What's Next? Still trying to figure out how to structure your schedule? Learn what a rigorous course load in high school should look like. If you're hoping to be admitted to competitive colleges, it's helpful to join an honors society. Find out more about honors classes and societies that you can be a part of in high school. Your GPA is critical in the college admissions process. Read this article for more information on whether colleges consider weighted or unweighted GPAs and how this might affect you. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Phase 4 Discussion Board Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Phase 4 Discussion Board - Essay Example Yes, I would switch to the Visa Student Card. This is because the interest charged using the Visa Student Card of $270 is lower compared to the interest charged using my existing credit card of $412.50. Most important, I would switch to any credit card that offers lower interest rate on my purchases after six months taking in account that the credit cards offers an interest rate of 0% on all purchases and balance transfers for six months. In case of Open-End Credit, a borrower can continue to borrow (purchase) and pay in various amounts. In case of Closed-End Credit, the lender tells the borrower how much they can borrow and a fee schedule is set up, which the borrower pays until the debt is paid off. In general, Open-End Credit is for small purchases and Closed-End Credit is for bigger purchase. Credit card purchases are an example of Open-End Credit and a Car loan taken is an example of Closed-End Credit. Many large appliance stores offer simple interest loans to their customers. For example, suppose a customer is interested in purchasing a $1,400.00 refrigerator at Myer Appliances. The customer is unable to pay the total amount at the time of purchase, so Myer’s lets the customer make a down payment of $140 and then 12 monthly payments of $120.75.   Suppose that you are unable to pay the total amount for your appliance at the time of purchase, so you take out a simple interest loan. The store will let you make a 10% down payment and then make 12 equal monthly payments for the remaining balance at a simple interest rate of

Strategic Planning & Decision Making (SWOT Analysis) PART TWO Assignment

Strategic Planning & Decision Making (SWOT Analysis) PART TWO - Assignment Example The company mission statement; to save people’s money as a way of uplifting their lives has shaped the company policies. This is because the company has focused on cost reduction in order to ensure price leadership (Kneer 2009). The company targets the medium income earners with an average annual income of $35000. The company has also focused on implementing new technology as a way of keeping it ahead of its competitors and ensuing that it delivers quality products and services to its consumers. One of the main strengths that Wal-Mart has is that they are able to offer a wide array of goods in one store. Moreover, because of its large scale of economies, the company is able to offer competitive prices which are highly discounted with make them offer the best prices. This makes the company stand out because its rivals may not have the advantage since they may not have the advantage of getting huge discounts from supplier that comes with buying goods in bulk. These discounts are then passed down to the consumers (Kurtz, 2013). The consumers can thus buy different good within a single store at low prices which is quite convenient. Another strength that makes the company outstanding is the fact that the company sells goods with their own brands together with good from other major brands. This makes it possible for the company to reach out to a wider market as it supplies different segment of the market. This is in contrast with her competitors who may focus on selling products form a single brand. The consumers thus have a wide range of substitute products to pick from which is convenient. A major weakness facing this company is that since it is focused on offering goods at low prices, its clients may sometimes question the quality of these products. This is because high prices are often associated with high quality. The company could overcome this problem by consistently ensuring that all

Avoiding the Retirement Bust Essay -- Expository Classification Essays

Avoiding the Retirement Bust    A recent Gallup poll indicates that nearly 75 percent of 30-to-49 year olds worry about not having enough money to live a comfortable retirement. In addition, 60 percent of those polled say they don't earn enough money to save for retirement. What do these recent polls suggest about many of the baby boomers' financial concerns? Fortunately, for those individuals who are inclined to take charge of their own destinies, several types of tax-deferred retirement savings exist. The government introduces these various retirement savings options to meet the specific needs of three distinct groups of income earners: the self-employed, employees of businesses offering retirement savings incentive plans and just about anyone else who has earned income and is interested in saving for the future.    The first type of option is known as either a Keogh or a Simplified Employee Pension (SEP) plan. These retirement savings plans were created for individuals who either have self-employment income or are partners in their own business. In bo...

What Were the Problems Facing a Newly Independent India After the Partition of 1947

August, 14, 1947 and August, 15, 1947 the Indian partition of 1947 was created and it granted Indian its freedom from its 350 year of British ruling. After India’s freedom was granted it was divided into two states which were Dominion of Pakistan later known as Islamic republic of Pakistan and Union of India later known as Republic of India. Right after the partition of 1947, it declared that it was leader or King of the state to decide if the state should follow the Muslim or a Hindu religion. This Policy separated the people of India and Pakistan, and caused a lot of hatred between both sides.This policy also cause huge problems because some states would have a huge population of Hindus, and the king would be Muslim which made Hindus follow the beliefs and religious acts of the Muslims. Since this policy was cause of the partition of 1947 it made Muslims in India to migrate to Pakistan, and Hindu’s in Pakistan migrate to India, in between this transition or migration, there were many riots, looting, and rapes which left both countries in devastation and a breakdown of the civil government.The breakdown of the civil government, made it impossible for an army to restore order preventing any crimes such as murders or arson by locals. The newly formed governments were completely unequipped to deal with migrations of such staggering magnitude, and massive violence and slaughter occurred on both sides of the border. Estimates of the number of deaths range around roughly 500,000, with low estimates at 200,000 and high estimates at 1,000,000. If there were an army to restore order there would be less people killed during this tragic event.Hindu Sindhis would have remained in Sindh following the Partition, if wasn’t for the violence that erupted, when massive amounts of Urdu speaking Muslims started pouring into Sindh. They began attacking the Hindu population. Before the announcement of the Partition, there were 1,400,000 Hindu Sindhis in their a ncestral land Sindh. However, in a space of less than a year approximately 1,200,000 Hindus Sindhis fled their homes, most of them leaving with little more than the clothes on their bodies.The province of Bengal was divided into the two separate entities of West Bengal which went to India, and East Bengal which went to Pakistan. East Bengal later was renamed to East Pakistan, and later became the independent nation of Bangladesh after the Bangladesh Liberation War of 1971 also known as the indo-Pakistan war of 1971. Kashmir was created in 1846 after its victory in the first Angelo-Sikh war. Kashmir was a princely state in the British Empire in India. The princely state lasted until 1948.After the Indian partition of 1947 was pass it gave princely states of India a choice to move to India or Pakistan or stay independent. The ruler of Kashmir wanted to remain independent which led to a war which is known as the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947 which was fought between Pakistan and Indian ov er the region of Kashmir. The war lasted a year and it was first war between the two newly independent nations. Early November 1947, India attack successfully broke through enemy defenses.Even though the attack was such an early success the Indian army suffered a setback in December of that year because of logistical problems. These problems gave the forces of Azad Kashmir to take the initiative and force the Indian troops to retreat from the Border States which the war was taken place. Azad Kashmir was also known as free Kashmir because it was part of Kashmir that was under control by Pakistanis. By spring of 1948, the Indian had another offensive to retake some of the ground that it had lost.Fearing that the war might move into Pakistan property, the Pakistani army became more actively involved. As the problem escalated more and more, the Indian leadership was quick to realize that the war could not be brought to an end unless Pakistan stops aiding the Azad Kashmir forces. The Ind ian government sought United Nations mediation of the conflict on December 31, 1947. There was some opposition to this move within the cabinet by those who did not agree with referring the Kashmir dispute to the United Nations.The United Nations mediation process brought the war to an end on January 1. The mediation force Pakistan to retreat its forces, while letting India to maintain some strength of its forces in the state to preserve some law and order. It gave Pakistan two-fifths of Kashmir and India maintaining the remind three fifths of Kashmir which included the most populous and fertile regions. This war caused 1500 soldiers died on each side. On August 5, 1965 the second Indo-Pakistani war took place. The conflict was also over Kashmir, it also started without a formal declaration of war.The war was started by Pakistan, Pakistan also though it was great timing to start this war with India because they assumed that India’s military would be unable to defend against a quick military campaign in Kashmir. The first major battle in this war between Pakistan and India took place on August 15, when Indian forces scored a major victory after a prolonged artillery barrage and took over three important mountains positions in the northern sector. A month later, Pakistan counter attacked, which moved the war near Tithwal, Uri, and Punch.This attack provoked India to thrust into Azad Kashmir. India also had other forces gain position on other mountains and eventually took over Haji Pir Pass which was eight kilometers into Pakistan territory. India’s claiming Haji Pir Pass, made Pakistani move all forces to the southern sector in Punjab, to catch Indian forces of guard which was a success and India suffered a heavy loss. On September 20th the UN passed a resolution which called for a cease fire which ended the war on September 23. India lost 3,000 and Pakistani lost 3,800 during this war.Both sides signed a declaration on January 10, 1966 which requir ed both sides to move all positions that was held during the war. The declaration also reached an agreement on the new cease fire line on June 30, 1965. The Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 was a nine month long conflict between the people of then East Pakistan and the military rulers of Pakistan, which ended in two week long armed conflict between Mukti Bahini aided by India against Pakistan in December of 1971. India intervened on behalf of East Pakistan, later Bangladesh, in its civil war with West Pakistan.The war began as the Pakistani Civil War . A conflict between the traditionally dominant West Pakistanis and the East Pakistanis whose Awami League party had won the most seats in the 1970 Pakistani election and who claimed the right to form the government. The largely West Pakistani military was called in by President Yahya Khan. After several days of rioting on the morning of March 25 the citizens of Dhaka woke to discover the city shut down by the military. Mass arrests of dissid ents began, and attempts were made to disarm the East Pakistani members of the armed forces.The Awami League was banned and its members began to flee into exile in India. As the month progressed the situation developed into a full scale civil war. The West Pakistani army began killing thousands and the East Pakistanis armed themselves forming Mukti Bahini guerilla group. Ziaur Rahman, a major in the Pakistani army formed a government in exile in India and proclaimed an independent Bangladesh. The East Pakistan Rifles, an elite paramilitary force defected and joined the rebellion. On December 3 the Pakistani air force launched sorties on eight airfields in northern India.It was based on the Arab- Israeli six day war and the success of the Israeli preemptive strike. The Indians had anticipated such a move and the raid was a resounding failure. The next day the Indian forces responded with a coordinated and massive air, sea, and land assault on East Pakistan. Against the West the India military mounted smaller probing attacks designed to pin down Pakistani forces. In the East a five pronged land assault quickly routed the Pakistani forces. The Indians repeatedly broke through Pakistani defenses and outflanked and outfought the Pakistani defenders.On December 16 the Pakistani forces in East Pakistan surrendered. The next day Indira Gandhi announced a unilateral cease fire, to which Pakistan agreed. In conclusion I think the aftermath partition of 1947 was horrible and led to many wars. As you can see three different wars took place and two of the war’s conflicts were almost the same. I felt all these problems should have been handled a little differently meaning without the wars because it led to many deaths. But in the end of the wars it reached to an agreement and most of the agreements were successful.

Adolf Loos, Belle Epoque Architect and Rebel

Adolf Loos (December 10, 1870–August 23, 1933) was a European architect who became more famous for his ideas and writings than for his buildings. He believed that reason should determine the way we build, and he opposed the decorative Art Nouveau movement, or, as it was known in Europe, Jugendstil. His notions about design influenced 20th-century modern architecture and its variations. Fast Facts: Adolf Loos Known For: Architect, critic of Art NouveauBorn: December 10, 1870 in Brno, Czech RepublicParents: Adolf and Marie LoosDied: August 23, 1933 in Kalksburg, AustriaEducation: Royal and Imperial State Technical College in Rechenberg, Bohemia, College of Technology in Dresden; Academy of Beaux-Arts at ViennaFamous Writings: Ornament Crime, ArchitectureFamous Building: Looshaus (1910)  Spouse(s): Claire Beck (m. 1929–1931), Elsie Altmann (1919–1926) Carolina Obertimpfler (m. 1902–1905)Notable Quote: The evolution of culture is synonymous with the removal of ornamentation from objects of everyday use. Early Life Adolf Franz Karl Viktor Maria Loos was born December 10, 1870, in Brno (then Brà ¼nn), which is the South Moravian Region of what was then part of the Austria-Hungary Empire and is now the Czech Republic. He was one of four children born to Adolf and Marie Loos, but he was 9 when his sculptor/stonemason father died. Although Loos refused to continue the family business, much to his mothers sorrow, he remained an admirer of the craftsmans design. He was not a good student, and it is said that by the age of 21 Loos was ravaged by syphilis—his mother disowned him by the time he was 23. Loos began studies at the Royal and Imperial State Technical College in Rechenberg, Bohemia, and then spent a year in the military. He attended the College of Technology in Dresden for three years and the Academy of Beaux-Arts in Vienna; he was a mediocre student and did not earn a degree. Instead, he traveled, making his way to the United States, where he worked as a mason, a floor-layer, and a dishwasher. While in the U.S. to experience the Worlds Columbian Exposition of 1893, he became impressed by the efficiency of American architecture and came to admire the work of Louis Sullivan. American architect Louis Sullivan is most famous for being part of the Chicago School and for his influential 1896 essay that suggested form follows function.  In 1892, however, Sullivan wrote about the application of ornamentation on the new architecture of the day. I take it as self-evident that a building, quite devoid of ornament, may convey a noble and dignified sentiment by virtue of mass and proportion, Sullivan began his essay Ornament in Architecture. He then made the modest proposal to refrain entirely from the use of ornament for a period of years and concentrate acutely upon the production of buildings well formed and comely in the nude. The idea of organic naturalness, with a concentration on architectural mass and volume, influenced not only Sullivans protege Frank Lloyd Wright but also the young architect from Vienna, Adolf Loos. Professional Years In 1896, Loos returned to Vienna and worked for the Austrian architect Karl Mayreder. By 1898, Loos had opened his own practice in Vienna and became friends with free-thinkers such as philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein, expressionist composer Arnold Schà ¶nberg, and satirist Karl Kraus. The intellectual community of Vienna at the time of the Belle Epoque was made up of many artists, painters, sculptors, and architects, as well as political thinkers and psychologists including Sigmund Freud. They were all seeking a way to rewrite how society and morality functioned. Like many of his colleagues in Vienna, Loos beliefs extended to all areas of life, including architecture. He argued that the buildings we design reflect our morality as a society. The new steel frame techniques of the Chicago School demanded a new aesthetic—were cast iron facades cheap imitations of past architectural ornamentation? Loos believed that what hung on that framework should be as modern as the framework itself. Loos started his own school of architecture. His students included Richard Neutra and R. M. Schindler, who both became famous after emigrating to the west coast of the United States. Personal Life While Loos architecture was explicitly clean in line and structure, his personal life was in shambles. In 1902, he married 19-year-old drama student Carolina Catharina Obertimpfler. The marriage ended in 1905 amidst a public scandal: he and Lina were close friends of Theodor Beer, an accused child pornographer. Loos tampered with the case, removing pornographic evidence from Beers apartment. In 1919, he married 20-year-old dancer and operetta star Elsie Altmann; they divorced in 1926. In 1928 he faced a pedophilia scandal after being accused of having his young, poor models (aged 8–10) perform sex acts, and the main evidence against him was a collection of more than 2,300 pornographic images of young girls. Elsie believed they were the same images removed from Theodor Beers apartment in 1905. Loos last marriage was at the age of 60 and his wife was 24-year-old Claire Beck; two years later, that relationship also ended in divorce. Loos was also quite ill through much of his creative life: he slowly became deaf as a result of the syphilis he contracted in his early 20s, and he was diagnosed with cancer in 1918 and lost his stomach, appendix, and part of his intestines. He was exhibiting signs of dementia during his 1928 court case, and a few months before his death he had a stroke. Architectural Style Loos-designed homes featured straight lines, clear and uncomplicated walls and windows, and clean curves. His architecture became physical manifestations of his theories, especially raumplan (plan of volumes), a system of contiguous, merging spaces. He designed exteriors without ornamentation, but his interiors were rich in functionality and volume. Each room might be on a different level, with floors and ceilings set at different heights. Loos architecture was in stark contrast with the architecture of his Austrian contemporary Otto Wagner. Representative buildings designed by Loos include many houses in Vienna, Austria—notably the Steiner House, (1910),  Haus Strasser (1918),  Horner House (1921),  Rufer House (1922), and the Moller House (1928).  However, Villa  Mà ¼ller (1930) in Prague, Czechoslovakia, is one of his most studied designs because of its seemingly simple exterior and complex interior. Other designs outside Vienna include a house in Paris, France, for the Dada artist Tristan Tzara (1926) and the  Khuner Villa (1929) in  Kreuzberg, Austria. Loos was one of the first modern architects to use mirrors to expand interior spaces. The interior entry to the 1910 Goldman Salatsch Building, often called the Looshaus, is made into a surreal, endless foyer with two opposing mirrors. The construction of Looshaus created quite a scandal for pushing Vienna into modernity. Famous Quotes: Ornament and Crime Adolf Loos is best-known for his 1908 essay Ornament and Verbrechen, translated as Ornament Crime. This and other essays by Loos describe the suppression of decoration as necessary for modern culture to exist and evolve beyond past cultures. Ornamentation, even body art like tattoos, is best left for primitive people, like the natives of Papua.  The modern man who tattoos himself is either a criminal or a degenerate, Loos wrote. There are prisons in which eighty per cent of the inmates show tattoos. The tattooed who are not in prison are latent criminals or degenerate aristocrats. Other passages from this essay: The urge to ornament ones face and everything within reach is the start of plastic art. Ornament does not heighten my joy in life or the joy in life of any cultivated person. If I want to eat a piece of gingerbread I choose one that is quite smooth and not a piece representing a heart or a baby or a rider, which is covered all over with ornaments. The man of the fifteenth century wont understand me. But all modern people will. Freedom from ornament is a sign of spiritual strength. Death Nearly deaf from syphilis and cancer by age 62, Adolf Loos died in Kalksburg near Vienna, Austria, on August 23, 1933. His self-designed gravestone in Central Cemetery (Zentralfriedhof) in Vienna is a simple block of stone with only his name engraved—no ornamentation. Legacy Adolf Loos extended his architectural theories in his 1910 essay Architektur, translated as Architecture. Decrying that architecture had become a graphic art, Loos argues that a well-made building cannot be honestly represented on paper, that plans do not appreciate the beauty of bare stone, and that only the architecture of monuments should be classified as art—other architecture, everything that serves some practical purpose, should be ejected from the realm of art. Loos wrote that modern dress is that which draws least attention to itself, which is Loos legacy to modernism. This idea that anything beyond functional should be omitted was a modern idea worldwide. The same year Loos first published his essay on ornamentation, French artist Henri Matisse (1869–1954) issued a similar proclamation about the composition of a painting. In the 1908 statement Notes of a Painter, Matisse wrote that everything not useful in a painting is harmful. Although Loos has been dead for decades, his theories about architectural complexity are often studied today, especially to begin a discussion about ornamentation. In a high-tech, computerized world where anything is possible, the modern student of architecture must be reminded that just because you are able do something, should you? Sources Andrews, Brian. Ornament and Materiality in the Work of Adolf Loos. Material Making: The Process of Precedent, 2010. Association of Collegiate Schools of Architecture, p. 438Colomina, Beatriz. Sex, Lies and Decoration: Adolf Loos and Gustav Klimt. Thresholds.37 (2010): 70–81.Loos, Adolf. Architecture. 1910. Loos, Adolf. Ornament and Crime. 1908. Rukschcio, Burkhardt, Schachel, Roland L. (Roland Leopold), 1939- and Graphische Sammlung Albertina Adolf Loos, Leben und Werk. Residenz Verlag, Salzburg, 1982.Schwartz, Frederic J. Architecture and Crime: Adolf Loos and the Culture of the Case. The Art Bulletin 94.3 (2012): 437-57.Sullivan, Louis. Ornament in Architecture. The Engineering Magazine, 1892, Svendsen, Christina. Hiding in Plain Sight: Problems of Modernist Self-Representation in the Encounter between Adolf Loos and Josephine Baker. Mosaic: An Interdisciplinary Critical Journal 46.2 (2013): 19–37.Tournikiotis,  Panayotis. Adolf Loos. Princeton Architectural Press, 2002.